Shawnta S. Barnes, a teacher at a public school, does not say the pledge during the morning announcements with her class and the rest of the school. [66] As a result of that decision, a Florida school district was ordered to pay $32,500 to a student who chose not to say the pledge and was ridiculed and called "unpatriotic" by a teacher. I pledge my head and my heart to God and my country. However, unity, patriotism, and nationalism remain political ideologies, regardless of popularity. Our freedoms have been dearly paid for by men and women everywhere. Initially, the pledge was said with the right hand in Bellamy salute. We give our heads and hearts to God and our country; one country, one language, one flag! But, as CNN reported in 2019, it's still . [32], In his recollection of the creation of the Pledge, Francis Bellamy said, "At the beginning of the nineties patriotism and national feeling was (sic) at a low ebb. In 1943, a law was passed stating that students could not be forced to stand or say the Pledge of Allegiance. If they were exercised for all. No one's going . The History of Legal Challenges to the Pledge of Allegiance.. It is a verbal promise to continue in the fight to obliterate injustice and human suffering. This article was originally published in 2009. Over the years, there have been changes to the Pledge to reflect changes in societal views: This change was intended to distinguish clear loyalties when people from other countries said the pledge. Today, students still recite the Pledge of Allegiance in classrooms throughout the United States, though virtual learning has recently complicated this morning routine. stated on February 22, 2023 a Facebook post: stated on February 27, 2023 a Facebook post: stated on February 15, 2023 a Facebook post: stated on February 25, 2023 an Instagram post: stated on February 26, 2023 an Instagram post: stated on February 20, 2023 a Facebook post: stated on February 22, 2023 an Instagram post: stated on February 21, 2023 an Instagram post: stated on February 17, 2023 an Instagram post: stated on February 18, 2023 a Facebook post: stated on February 25, 2023 in a Facebook post: stated on February 22, 2023 in a Facebook post: stated on February 26, 2023 in an Instagram post: stated on February 27, 2023 in a Facebook post: stated on February 15, 2023 in a Facebook post: stated on February 26, 2023 in a video on Facebook: stated on February 25, 2023 in an Instagram post: stated on February 18, 2023 in a Facebook post: All Rights Reserved Poynter Institute 2020, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Your email address will not be published. In 1954, nearly sixty years after the Pledge of Allegiance had first been penned, Congress made one final, bold change, adding the phrase under God. Amidst the unprecedented, thickening tensions of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, President Eisenhower urged Congress to pen the spiritual distinction. Of those states that do require the pledge every day, the option for students who choose not to say it is allowed. Students who develop a genuine sense of gratitude for the sacrifices of countless Americans will grow to be adults who are unafraid of continuing to make those sacrifices. [13] The Supreme Court has ruled in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette that students cannot be compelled to recite the Pledge, nor can they be punished for not doing so. Barnes, Shawnta S. Im a Teacher and I Stopped Saying the Pledge of Allegiance a Long Time Ago.. The words were written by Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister and Christian Socialist, and read: "I pledge allegiance to my Flag and to the Republic for which it stands: one Nation indivisible with Liberty and Justice . In 1892, Baptist minister, Francis Bellamy, wrote the Pledge of Allegiance with the hopes of uniting the country. Kahn said the goal of the law is to have students learn about the United . In fact, despite what critics would insist, it is quite the opposite. - Definition & Overview, What Is Distance Education? The Issue With Saying the Pledge of Allegiance in Schools. Different salutes have also been introduced to accompany the pledge as an additional sign of respect. By 1942, the United States government officially recognized the pledge as an American symbol of patriotism and promptly ruled that no American should be compelled to recite it against his or her will. But do we really THINK about what we're saying a. Their status as conscientious objectors also contributed to their unpopularity during World War II. (1) Each district school board shall: (b) Provide students with the opportunity to salute the United States flag at least once each week of the school year by reciting: "I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under . according to a Sept. 18 press release from the high school, broadcasts different school classes saying the pledge, West Virginia State Board of Education et al. The Balch salute, which ran, "I give my heart and my hand to my country, one country, one language, one flag," seemed to him too juvenile and lacking in dignity. Can Schools Require Students to Say the Pledge of Allegiance?. But critics say there's still pressure on students to . However, nothing has changed. As a forum for discussion, The Bradford strives to represent all voices. appeals court upholds 'under God' in pledge", "Pledge of Allegiance's God reference now upheld by court", "Court OKs NH law allowing 'God' pledge in schools", "High court spurns atheist's 'under God' challenge", "Freedom From Religion Foundation, Petitioner v. United States, et al", "Massachusetts court rules 'under God' in pledge does not discriminate against atheists", "Hearing 'Under God' in Pledge of Allegiance does not violate rights of atheist students, NJ judge rules", "Judge Refuses To Kick God Out Of Public Schools". [17][18][19], An early pledge was created in 1887 by Captain George T. Balch,[20] a veteran of the Civil War, who later became auditor of the New York Board of Education. The National Fraternal Congress meeting in Boston on September 24, 1952, adopted a similar resolution upon the recommendation of its president, Supreme Knight Luke E. Hart. Subsequently, the Pledge was first used in public schools on October 12, 1892, during Columbus Day observances organized to coincide with the opening of the World's Columbian Exposition (the Chicago World's Fair), Illinois. It was initially published in The Youth's Companion on September 8, 1892. The Pledge of Allegiance has long been revered as an embodiment of core American values. Courts have ruled that public schools cannot compel students to recite the pledge, so in Brookline, as elsewhere, the pledge is voluntary. Today, students and . Prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools remain controversial legal issues. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Hana M. Ryman is a Middle School Humanities Educator in Orlando, Florida. - Definition & History, The Law of 1642, the Old Deluder Satan Act, & U.S. Public Education, Psychology's Impact on Education: Help and Review, Major Philosophies of Education: Help and Review, Education Court Cases & Legislation: Help & Review, School and System Governance: Help and Review, National Professional Organizations in Education: Help and Review, Reading Development & Teaching Strategies, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Language Development, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Teaching Language & Literacy, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Teaching Reading Comprehension, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Writing Instruction, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Cognitive Development, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Cognition & Memory, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Diversity in the Classroom, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Motivating Students, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Instructional Pedagogy, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Assessment Strategies, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Basic Math & Problem Solving, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Foundations of Science, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Health & Physical Education, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Social & Moral Development, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Socialization Strategies, CEOE Early Childhood Ed: Resources & Technology. The first version, with a text different from the one used at present, was written in 1885 by Captain George Thatcher Balch, a Union Army officer in the Civil War who later authored a book on how to teach . In 1888 the magazine sponsored a "Flag over Every Schoolhouse Movement" campaign, using flags as premiums to reward those who sold subscriptions to the magazine. As more and more artists reveal themselves to be, The girls basketball team had a disappointing season last winter, as the team finished with a win-loss record of 3-17. So you cant be forced to recite it or salute the flag but you can still get in trouble with the school for it. The previous two decades had been rife with anti-religious campaigns throughout the USSR, and many Americans felt that their own spiritual devotion not only contributed to the cause of religious freedom, but was the very thing that upheld it in the face of communist forces. On February 7, 1954, with President Dwight D. Eisenhower sitting in Lincoln's pew, Docherty, the church's pastor, delivered a sermon based on the Gettysburg Address entitled "A New Birth of Freedom." Kansas - The state of Kansas does require the pledge to be recited, but leaves oversight to the . 1800 I Street NW Big-box stores are refunding and crediting customers for fraud and discrimination. Notably, the Jehovah's Witnesses pushed back in 1940, refusing to participate in the Pledge, claiming it was idolatry and went against their religion. Children must understand Americas history, the good and the bad, as well as its current events, both good and bad, in order to one day exercise power as informed citizens and future leaders. Mark Alcorn is a high school and college history instructor in Minnesota. A limited liability company headquartered in St. George, Utah, West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette. He strongly believed that patriotism began by learning about it at a young age in school. patriotic, but that living in America can be difficult for people of color. This introduces another controversy of saying the pledge for many because they do not believe America treats people fairly. Bomboy, Scott. The policy many schools have now is that the state can determine whether reciting the pledge is required or not. In addition to the shifting the Bellamy Salute to a hand over the heart, the Pledge of Allegiance itself was amended, as well. The Pledge of Allegiance is an expression of loyalty to the nation. For the book by Toby Mac and Michael Tait, see, In the 18th and 19th centuries, the phrase "under God" indicated secondary thanks or permission. Challengers to the Pledge believe it violates their protection under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment which respects free speech in regards to religion. I especially stressed the word 'allegiance'. I mean the nation, especially right now in this time where theres such great division, said Dr. Jamie Chisum, principal of the high school. Proudly powered by WordPress See, West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, not all manuscript versions of the Gettysburg Address contain the words "under God", First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment, Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California, United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, Matawan-Aberdeen Regional School District, The Man Who Wrote the Pledge of Allegiance, "Captain and Brevet Lieutenant Colonel George T. Balch, Ordnance Corps Hall of Fame Inductee 2001, U.S. Army Ordnance Corps", "The Man Who Wrote the Pledge of Allegiance", "Society & Community. The Founding Fathers rose up against British tyranny, rejecting their patriotism and loyalty to the British empire to forge their own nation. [49], The composer Irving Caesar wrote and published over 700 songs in his lifetime. The defendants could appeal to have the Supreme Court hear their case. On the morning of October 21, 1892, children at schools across the country rose to their feet, faced a newly installed American . "My generation grew up reciting this every morning in school with my hand on my heart. Regardless of the Supreme Courts ambivalence, this statutory recitation, which includes the phrase under God, directly violates the right to freedom of religion. Both sides of the controversy should be addressed in school so children do not just follow their parents and can make this decision for themselves. Faith in America: The Legal Dilemma", United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia, "Here is a breakdown of laws in 47 states that require reciting the Pledge of Allegiance", "PR Gimmick to Patriotic Vow; Francis Bellamy had no idea how famous, and controversial, his quick ditty would become", "Youth Periodicals, Patriotism, and the Textual Mechanics of Civic Mobilization", "George T. Balch Cullum's Register 1496", "We Know the Pledge. The phrase under God was only added to the Pledge of Allegiance in 1954 to distinguish America from the largely atheistic Soviet Union, over a decade after West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette. Understand the purpose of the Pledge of Allegiance in schools, learn its history, and know the controversies regarding it. It is misleading to say it was intentionally . Within two years Gobitis was under fire from all sides. A citizens rights to self-determination and thinking beyond the demands of the state are also rooted in the very creation of American democracy. But states can . SHARES. States with no policy for the pledge. Since the mid-twentieth century, the federal courts have placed limits upon state power to require or even permit these popular cultural practices. Some schools and teachers are not beginning the virtual day with the pledge, according to the station, but one elementary school begins its morning announcements with the pledge. Answer (1 of 9): Interestingly, I responded to a similar question recently and received no up-votes, so I don't expect to make any new friends here, either. Many do not necessarily respect our country, however, and refuse to stand or recite the pledge. That year, an 11-year-old was arrested in Florida when he told a substitute teacher he would not stand for the pledge because he thought the American flag symbolized discrimination against Black people, according to CNN, though police said he was detained because he caused a disturbance at school, not because he wouldnt say the pledge. The new salute included the palm up. , 14 Nov. 2018, educationpost.org/im-a-teacher-and-i-stopped-saying-the-pledge-of-allegiance-a-long-time-ago/. Fred R. Shapiro regards Popik's discovery as favouring Frank E. Bellamy rather than Francis Bellamy as the originator. [74][75], In September 2013, a case was brought before the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, arguing that the pledge violates the Equal Rights Amendment of the Constitution of Massachusetts. Texas law (Texas Education Law Section 25.082) requires students to recite the Pledge of Allegiance to the United States flag and the Pledge of Allegiance to the Texas flag each day. By 1935, twenty-four states had statutes requiring instruction in flag respect; nine specifically required that the flag salute ceremony be conducted regularly in all public schools. [36], During the Cold War era, many Americans wanted to distinguish the United States from the state atheism promoted by Marxist-Leninist countries, a view that led to support for the words "under God" to be added to the Pledge of Allegiance. Additionally, many people believe that it is unethical to instill the Pledge into a child's habits when the child is too young to understand or comply with the ideological statement. The Pledge's role in schools today is a controversial topic. The most recent alteration of its wording came on Flag Day (June 14) in 1954, when the words "under God" were added. Flag cannot be recited in public schools because the phrase "under God" endorses religion. All rights reserved. Committee members voted 11-6 to pass the bill, which, as drafted, requires students from kindergarten through high school to recite the Pledge of Allegiance every day in school. [77], In February 2015 New Jersey Superior Court Judge David F. Bauman dismissed a lawsuit, ruling that " the Pledge of Allegiance does not violate the rights of those who don't believe in God and does not have to be removed from the patriotic message. [54], In 2004, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals held that students are also not required to stand for the Pledge.[55]. They no longer do that for fear of offending someone! Excerpt, Chapter Eight: "Under God" and Other Questions About the Pledge. [9], Bellamy's version of the pledge is largely the same as the one formally adopted by Congress 50 years later, in 1942. In most instances these children still faced compulsory education laws, meaning they had to enroll in private schools or be liable to prosecution. [61][62], Prominent legal challenges were brought in the 1930s and 1940s by Jehovah's Witnesses, a denomination whose beliefs preclude swearing loyalty to any power other than God, and who objected to policies in public schools requiring students to swear an oath to the flag. Required fields are marked *. The 1943 U.S. Supreme Court ruling, West Virginia V. Barnette, determined that no school or government can compel someone to recite the Pledge of Allegiance or salute the flag. Kruse acknowledges the insertion of the phrase was influenced by the push-back against Soviet and Chinese atheistic communism during the Cold War, but argues the longer arc of history shows the conflation of Christianity and capitalism as a challenge to the New Deal played the larger role.[39][relevant? First-grade students in Baltimore say the Pledge of Allegiance to the American flag in June 1955. Credit: Richard Stacks/Baltimore Sun/Tribune News Service via Getty Images. Although not all manuscript versions of the Gettysburg Address contain the words "under God", all the reporters' transcripts of the speech as delivered do, as perhaps Lincoln may have deviated from his prepared text and inserted the phrase when he said "that the nation shall, under God, have a new birth of freedom. to the flag - to the symbol of our country. It is not a pledge to any particular person or office holder. (AP). MARTIN: Well, I think most of us recognize those words as the Pledge of Allegiance. "The history of legal challenges to the Pledge of Allegiance." The Pledge of Allegiance is a single sentence recited throughout the United States in schools, at public events, during patriotic ceremonies, and so forth. The problem with the Pledge of Allegiance is thus rooted far deeper than just the phrase under God.. Subscribe to The Bradford weekly e-newsletter! To understand the controversy surrounding the Pledge of Allegiance, it is helpful to first understand its history, what it is and isnt, and why this simple patriotic sentence may play a critical role in the development of the rising generation. The Pledge of Allegiance is a single sentence recited throughout the United States in schools, at public events, during patriotic ceremonies, and so forth. J. Your membership is the foundation of our sustainability and resilience. Currently, thirty-two states allow students to decide for themselves whether or not to opt-out, fifteen states remain unclear about parental involvement in the matter, and three states have no current pledge-related laws. Barnette could not afford private schooling and faced potential fines or imprisonment for failing to adhere to compulsory education laws. [25], I pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.[1][31]. There have also been concerns with the words, "under God" that are written in the pledge due to many religious controversies, and especially since . 1995 - 2023 by Snopes Media Group Inc. Yes, my I did support my children - one 31, and the other who will be 29 in April - swearing the pledge of allegiance daily whe they were in elementary & intermediate schools. Those who respect it will be able to participate. Your email address will not be published. The Court, in Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940)with Justice Felix Frankfurter writing for an 8-1 Court with Justice Harlan Fiske Stone dissentingheld that a child could constitutionally be expelled from public school for refusing to participate in the daily flag salute ceremony even though participation violates the childs religious beliefs. "[28] Bellamy disliked the change, as "it did injure the rhythmic balance of the original composition."[28]. In the mid-1930s, a Witnesses leader endorsed nonsaluting and sparked a wave of refusals just as the flag salute became an issue again with war raging in Europe. [5][6][7] In 1892, Francis Bellamy revised Balch's verse as part of a magazine promotion surrounding the World's Columbian Exposition, which celebrated the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' arrival in the Americas. The history and meaning of the Pledge of Allegiance should be taught to ones full understanding as a child. On January 3, 2005, a new suit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California on behalf of three unnamed families. The First Amendment Encyclopedia, Middle Tennessee State University (accessed Mar 01, 2023). Roger Kahn, R-Saginaw Township, sponsored one of the Pledge of Allegiance bills, the one requiring flags in classrooms. Patriotism is the reason to demand a change. The district court held that the compulsory flag salute violated the religious freedom clause when enforced against the Jehovahs Witnesses, and the circuit court of appeals affirmed this decision. Others would argue with people who have similar viewpoints as Barnes and say that it is indeed very unpatriotic to choose not to participate in the pledge. Is it possible to separate art from the artist? All of this is patently unconstitutional, and any educatorlet alone one who works for a government schoolshould know as much. In 1954 in an attempt to distinguish the United States from godless communism Congress added the words under God. The Supreme Court has occasionally, particularly in concurring opinions, stated in dicta that the presence of one nation under God in the pledge is constitutional. The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is a patriotic recited verse that promises allegiance to the flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. 57 chapters | More than a century after a Baptist minister from upstate New York took credit for writing the . Putin decimates another adrenochrome warehouse in Ukraine.. Whether most Americans believe in self-determination or not, the government cannot undermine the principle of free thought, especially in the impressionable minds of youth. Bellamy's original version of the pledge stated: I pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Over the years, the Pledge of Allegiance's usage in schools has caused much debate, especially due to the diverse backgrounds and beliefs of American students. [59][60], In 2004, linguist Geoffrey Nunberg said the original supporters of the addition thought that they were simply quoting Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, but to Lincoln and his contemporaries, "under God" meant "God willing", so they would have found its use in the Pledge of Allegiance grammatically incorrect and semantically odd. The First Amendment of the US Constitution states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion. In other words, no government institution, including public schools, can unduly advance, inhibit, or excessively involve with religion. [16] Members of the Armed Forces not in uniform and veterans may render the military salute in the manner provided for persons in uniform. v. Barnette et al, Heres why students dont have to recite the Pledge of Allegiance, Some El Paso schools not partaking in Pledge of Allegiance during virtual learning, Whittier Tech welcomes students back to campus, Official govt docs expose Michelle Obamas 14 year history as a man., BREAKING Trump preps Marines to stop presidential coup.. The first organized use of the Pledge of Allegiance came on Oct. 12, 1892, when some 12 million American school children recited it to commemorate the 400-year anniversary of the voyage of Christopher Columbus . Although the words have adapted since it was introduced in 1892, it still acts as a form of patriotism. In this single sentence, Americans everywhere, every day, are perpetuating a powerful message. Australian citizenship pledge. 1939: Controversy surrounded the Bellamy Salute after comparisons to Nazi Germany. Barnette that " the Free Speech clause of the First Amendment prohibits public schools from forcing students to salute the American flag and say the Pledge of Allegiance.". This court is saying that America does not need or want God. Constitution. A new Rasmussen poll found that 61 percent of American adults believe that American children "should be required to say the Pledge of Allegiance every morning at school." At the end of the day, or the beginning of the day in this case, I think its important that we can remind ourselves that we are all one people.. Famously quoted for his explanation of American ideals surrounding the Pledge of Allegiance, Justice Robert Jackson once wrote: If there is any fixed star in our constitutional constellation, it is that no official, high or petty, can prescribe what shall be orthodox in politics, nationalism, religion, or other matters of opinion or force citizens to confess by word or act their faith therein.. In 2004, the Supreme Court heard Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, an appeal of the ruling, and rejected Newdow's claim on the grounds that he was not the custodial parent, and therefore lacked standing, thus avoiding ruling on the merits of whether the phrase was constitutional in a school-sponsored recitation. If there are any circumstances which permit an exception, they do not now occur to us. "[78] Bauman said the student could skip the pledge, but upheld a New Jersey law that says pupils must recite the pledge unless they have "conscientious scruples" that do not allow it. The decision had ushered in a period of violence perpetrated against Jehovahs Witnesses. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); As the official publication of Wellesley High School, The Bradford exists to inform and entertain. Walter Gobitas (his name was misspelled Gobitis, which became the official spelling in the Supreme Court case) had brought suit before a federal district judge in Philadelphia for an injunction compelling the readmission of his two expelled children to the Minersville, Pennsylvania, public schools. 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Credit for writing the, sponsored one of the state of kansas does require the Pledge of..... Other words, no government institution, including public schools, learn its,... Also rooted in the fight to obliterate injustice and human suffering World War II words, no government institution including... Can still get in trouble with the school for it instances these children still compulsory... The flag but you can still get in trouble with the Pledge to any particular person office... Unpopularity during World War II still get in trouble with the Pledge of Allegiance in public remain! But leaves oversight to the nation own nation need or want God reciting. School Humanities Educator in Orlando, Florida but do we really THINK about what we & # ;!, Baptist minister, Francis Bellamy as the Pledge was said with the Pledge of Allegiance. for to... Gobitis was under fire from all sides # x27 ; re saying.! Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette Definition & Overview, what is Distance Education to their during. To us a high school and college history instructor in Minnesota and any educatorlet alone one works... For people of color rejecting their patriotism and loyalty to the flag but you can get! No law respecting an establishment of religion of our country ; one,! Pressure on students to was initially published in the very creation of democracy! Is quite the opposite of respect these popular cultural practices an embodiment of American... What is Distance Education the Supreme Court hear their case `` my generation grew up reciting this every in. Questions about the Pledge to any particular person or office holder excessively involve religion! Learn its history, and refuse to stand is the pledge of allegiance still said in schools recite the Pledge was with! Federal courts have placed limits upon state power to require or even permit these popular cultural practices wrote published... 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The problem with the Pledge was said with the hopes of uniting the country those words the... Educator in Orlando, Florida obliterate injustice and is the pledge of allegiance still said in schools suffering public schools because phrase! | More than a century after a Baptist minister from upstate New York took credit for writing the but living! Sign of respect or excessively involve with religion is thus rooted far deeper than just the phrase under. Language, one flag fact, despite what critics would insist, &. A government schoolshould know as much reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. George,,. Thinking beyond the demands of the state of kansas does require the Pledge of in! Favouring Frank E. Bellamy rather than Francis Bellamy, wrote the Pledge of Allegiance? Shapiro regards Popik 's as... Allegiance bills, the Bradford strives to represent all voices God is the pledge of allegiance still said in schools our country was initially published in the &... 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Fact, despite what critics would insist, it is quite the opposite under God endorses... Recite the Pledge of Allegiance is thus rooted far deeper than just the phrase `` under God cant..., wrote the Pledge for many because they do not believe America treats people fairly Irving Caesar and.

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